Ο κίνδυνος πλημμύρων από τον χείμαρρο Διακονιάρη του πολεοδομικού συγκροτήματος της πόλεως των Πατρών, ΒΔ Πελοπόννησος, Ελλάδα

Abstract

Natural hazards, on a national and international scale, have increased in the last years as a consequence of climatic changes and human activity resulting in an unfavourable impact on socioeconomic conditions. Catastrophic phenomena related to river floods or slopes instability are natural hazards originating from seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity, as well as, from erosional and meteorological events, and human intervention. The Vulnerability being particularly high in the regions intensely populated, like the analyzed case study, high is the Risk. The importance of geomorphological studies in assessing natural hazards due to river floods was brought into focus with recent floods event that occurred in the Patras urban area (NW Péloponnèse) and particular from Diakoniaris river. Diakoniaris river is about 11 Km long, with mouth in Patraikos gulf. His bed angle slope ranges from 17°degrees of the high basin to 1°degrees of his alluvial playing. Due to geological and geomorphological characteristics of his basin, Diakoniaris is a temporary river. During summer season it is completely dry, whereas in autumn and winter time discharge increases remarkably. The area of Patras has a mean annual rainfall ranging from 698,5 to 747.3 mm. It flows in E-W direction, traversing the Patras town. During the autumn and winter months intense rainfalls persisted for several hours producing severe flash flood mainly in the alluvial playing of Diakoniaris River. There were some loss of life and damage to buildings, transport infrastructure and agricultural crops. Similar events happened also in southwestern Patras town in 1997, October and 2001, December. The damages are mainly due to absence of good alluvial playing management practices in recent decades, concretely after the year 1960 during the urban growth of the Patras town.