백제의 군사의례

Abstract

Military protocols represent the Yeron of Confucianism applied to military aspects. Baekje's military protocols can be examined based on articles in Samguksagi in the aspects of lines, official archery, practice of archery, and animal hunting. Lines are also called Yeolbyeong and Sayeol and the most basic protocol to confirm the supreme command of a king during the time of peace as well as wartime. In Baekje, lines were performed for a king to solidify his royal authority or symbolically show that his royal authority was restored by reinforcing his bond with his subjects and simultaneously verifying his authority in them at hunting events or banquets where his military power was in control.
 Archery is a protocol to examine the virtues of a man of virtue from the Confucian perspective. In Baekje, practice of archery was done in an agricultural off-season and thus seems ceremonial. After each practice of archery, soldiers received different awards according to their scores. Animal hunting was done in an agricultural off-season and even involved common people. A king would give a banquet after a practice of archery and animal hunting. In Baekje, practice of archery and animal hunting were promoted, and military protocols were carried out at these occasions to solidify the royal authority. Individuals of different social classes had different targets in a practice of archery, which was a means of a king to reveal his status.
 In Baekje, animal hunting happened throughout the Hanseong, Woongjin, and Sabi periods and across all the four seasons. Hunting happened as part of military training in an agricultural off-season and was followed by a memorial service. In Baekje, the significance of animal hunting was to do military training throughout the seasons and also confirm the king's authority through a hunting ceremony.