스페인어 다의어 trabajo의 개념화 양상 분석

Abstract

This paper analyzes the semantic expansion of the Spanish action noun trabajo. This noun shares with the action verb trabajar a common cognitive model composed of action, agent, theme, method, result, and place. However, even for the same word, the cognitive model has evolved in the historical process of social and cultural changes. The remarkable phenomenon observed here is that metonymic and metaphorical mechanisms are actively applied in the radial semantic expansion of a polysemic word such as trabajo. In particular, metonymy is very useful for understanding definitions of trabajo in dictionaries, and metaphor for grasping figurative meanings in contexts. Therefore, it can be argued that metonymy works relatively more actively in the central semantic expansion, and metaphor in the peripheral one. In conclusion, common nouns referring to general concepts such as trabajo reflect the inseparable correlation among language, cognition, and culture through its conceptualization.