Поширення орябка (Tetrastes bonasia L.) в українському Розточчі наприкінці XX та в XXI століттях

Abstract

Materials on the distribution of hazel grouse within the Ukrainian part of Roztochya were collected in the period from 1985 to 2021 (36 years). The article presents the results of own field research, as well as the results of surveys of hunting and forestry workers of the studied natural region. The route accounting method and the route tape method using bait were mainly used. Traces of hazel grouse in the snow are recorded. A description of the main habitats of the species is given. Most attention was paid to the structure of the stand, undergrowth, as well as the type of conditions of forest vegetation. Already in the second half of the 1980 hazel grouse in the Ukrainian part of Roztoczya was quite common, although not numerous. This species was regularly found on the outskirts of Novoyavorivsk, inhabiting the forest on the left side of the highway Lviv - Krakovets, between the village of Ivano-Frankovo ​​and Novoyavorivsk. This species is the most common and numerous on the territory of the Yavoriv military training ground (Starytske and Magerivske military forestry). Hazel grouse is regularly found in some areas of Shklivske and Nemyrivske forestry of the Rava-Ruske state forestry. Less often, the bird were seen in Stradchevsky training and production forestry and Roztochya Reserve. A slight increase in the number and settlement of birds outside the Yavoriv military range was observed in the period – from 2012 to 2016. After 2016, the population declined sharply. Over the past 3 years, grouse are no longer registered in most former habitats. Recently, these birds have ceased to be recorded in most of their former habitats. Several local microgroups have survived only in the forest adjacent to the tactical field of the military training ground. In the studied natural region, the habitats of these birds are mainly limited to young plantations, which are in contact zones of several types of forest growing conditions. In old forests, the presence of undergrowth is important condition of the habitat of these birds. There are five main types of habitat for this species. The best of them are pine-birch young stands formed as a result of a secondary succession of forests, as well as alder forests in river valleys.