ОЦІНЮВАННЯ ФАКТОРІВ SWOT-АНАЛІЗУ ДОСЛІДНИЦЬКОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ НА ОСНОВІ НЕЧІТКИХ ДАНИХ

Abstract

The article proposes a methodical approach to the evaluation of SWOT factors of the organization based on the application of the toolkit of strategic diagnostics of the company's activity and the fuzzy-multiple theory. To achieve the set goals, the work uses classic methods of strategic analysis (PESTEL, SNW, SWOT, Wilson matrices – to form a list of factors for each direction of analysis) and a fuzzy method of multicriteria evaluation Fuzzy Extension of Simplified Best-Worst Method (F-SBWM) – for calculation of the weight coefficients of the identified factors. The developed model uses expert linguistic assessments based on a defined 8-level term set, which is transformed into fuzzy numbers with a triangular representation and triangular membership functions. The validity of the proposed model is ensured by the application of procedures for checking the achievement of consensus by the expert group regarding the selection of the best and worst factors for each direction of analysis, the consistency of the individual opinions of experts and the consistency of expert assessments for the best and worst approaches for each direction of analysis. In case of inconsistency between experts' assessments, it is suggested to use the Fuzzy Delphi method. An approach based on the α-intersection of fuzzy numbers is used to consider different levels of uncertainty and obtain interval values for factor estimation. For computer support of the methodological approach, a framework was developed in the Excel software application, which contains the following components: a block for entering linguistic expert information for each direction of analysis, a block for transforming linguistic data into fuzzy numbers in a triangular form, blocks for calculating the weighting coefficients of factors for best- and worst-approaches, a unit for checking the consistency of individual opinions of experts, a unit for calculating fuzzy integral values of factor weighting coefficients and their defuzzification. The methodical approach enables the top management of the enterprise to identify the SWOT factors of the enterprise, to determine the weighting factors of these factors based on vague expert information, and to expand the opportunities of their application in the strategic process.