放射線診断システムにおける人間工学的検討 : 一般撮影における被検者の動作空間を考慮した STD

Abstract

Current practices for patiant safety control in radiological diagnosis involve may problems. For solving of these problems, we have to bear in mind that the mental and physical capacity of patients tend to be limted during radiological testing. When radiography is performed using a general X-ray device at a source table distance (STD) of 100cm, the patient's head can touch the X-ray tube housing during position adjustment on the stand (up and down adjustment) or the patient is made to take an unnatural posture during body positioning. With this in mind, we carried out a questionnaire survey about SID. This survery disclosed that more than 92% of the institutions have adaped 100cm STD. We then conducted a three-dimensional analysis of a patient's posture and motion by video taping patients during positioning on an roentgenographic table. This analysis revealed that the adoption of the 120cm STD resulted in less contact between the patient's head and X-ray tube housing, less of a unnatural body position and less time required for positioning adjustment when compared to those at 100cm STD. These results indicate that the current STD (100cm) is not suitable for safe and smooth adjustment of the positioning of a patient's body of an roentgenographic table. We examined the optimum STD, taking into consideration the dimensions of patient's movement and posture during an X-ray examination.