Abstract

저손실, 전자기 완전차폐, 고전력 특성을 갖는 기판집적 도파관(SIW)을 이용하여 X-band <TEX>$8{\times}16$</TEX> 이중편파 능동 위상배열안테나 시스템을 구현하였다. 16-way SIW 전력분배 네트워크의 측정된 순수 삽입손실(0.65 dB)은 마이크로스트립 경우보다 1 dB 감소하였으며, SIW 부배열(<TEX>$1{\times}16$</TEX>) 안테나 소자의 측정된 방사효율(73 %)은 약 2배(3 dB) 향상되었다. 이러한 SIW를 이용한 분배손실과 방사효율의 상당한 개선은 능동 위상 배열안테나 시스템에서 고전력 증폭기의 최대출력(P1 dB)을 저감하고, 총 전력소모를 약 30 % 절감할 것이다. SIW 기반으로 제작된 X-band <TEX>$8{\times}16$</TEX> 이중편파 능동 위상 배열안테나 시스템을 이론적인 제어벡터만을 생성하여 0도, 5도, 9도, 18도의 정밀한(최대편차 2도) 빔 조향을 측정하였으며, 열주기/진공 시험에서 우주환경 적합성을 확인하였다. 고효율 SIW 배열안테나 시스템은 고성능 레이더는 물론 차세대 무선통신(5G)을 위한 Massive MIMO와 다양한 밀리미터파 통신시스템(60 GHz WPAN, 77 GHz 자동차 레이더, 초고속 디지털 전송시스템 등)에 매우 유용할 것으로 기대한다. An X-band <TEX>$8{\times}16$</TEX> dual-polarized active phased array antenna system has been implemented based on the substrate integrated waveguide(SIW) technology having low propagation loss, complete EM shielding, and high power handling characteristics. Compared with the microstrip case, 1 dB less is the measured insertion loss(0.65 dB) of the 16-way SIW power distribution network and doubled(3 dB improved) is the measured radiation efficiency(73 %) of the SIW sub-array(<TEX>$1{\times}16$</TEX>) antenna element. These significant improvements of the power division loss and the radiation efficiency using the SIW, save more than 30 % of the total power consumption, in the active phased array antenna systems, through substantial reduction of the maximum output power(P1 dB) of the high power amplifiers. Using the X-band <TEX>$8{\times}16$</TEX> dual-polarized active phased array antenna system fabricated by the SIW technology, the main radiation beam has been steered by 0, 5, 9, and 18 degrees in the accuracy of 2 degree maximum deviation by simply generating the theoretical control vectors. Performing thermal cycle and vacuum tests, we have found that the SIW array antenna system be eligible for the space environment qualification. We expect that the high efficiency SIW array antenna system be very effective for high performance radar systems, massive MIMO for 5G mobile systems, and various millimeter-wave systems(60 GHz WPAN, 77 GHz automotive radars, high speed digital transmission systems).

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