거룩한 가르침(Sacra Doctrina)과 철학의 역할

Abstract

It is well known that Thomas Aquinas sees the relationship between reason and faith in harmonious terms. How then can we account for the case where anything is found in the claims of the philosophers which is contrary to the Christian belief? In order to examine his answer to this question, we should focus on Thomas’ Commentary on the De Trinitate of Boethius, q. 2, a. 3., in which he deals with the question whether it is permissible to use philosophical arguments and authorities in the sacra doctrina whose object is God. Thomas’ contemporary, Bonaventure refutes the theologian’s usage of philosophical argument in his theologizing since philosophy should not be mixed with theology lest the former should be changed into the latter. On the contrary, Thomas claims that philosophy is changed into theology, just as Jesus changed water to wine at the marriage feast in Cana. This claim leads us to the conclusion that Thomas who justifies the theologian’s usage of philosophical argument in his theologizing, is on the opposite side of Bonaventure.