пожаровзрывоопасность хладагента R-365mfc и пожаробезопасные смеси на его основе

Abstract

Рассмотрена проблема пожарной опасности хладагента R-365mfc, являющегося парниковым газом. Определен класс его опасности как хладоносителя. Предложен способ снижения класса опасности путем создания негорючих смесевых композиций R-365mfc с ингибиторами горения с коротким временем жизни в атмосфере. Показана возможность сокращения в смесевой композиции хладагента доли парникового компонента на 45,8 % (масс.). In connection with the adoption of a number of international environmental agreements the production of refrigerants which are greenhouse gases should be significantly reduced. This will lead to a shortage of refrigerants used in refrigeration and climate technology, as well as in other industries. A possible way to solve the problem of using greenhouse gases is to create mixed compositions with reduced content of the greenhouse component. At the same time the hazard class of the R-365mfc refrigerant is unknown. In this paper this refrigerant will be investigated and its hazard class will be determined. To solve the problem of using greenhouse gases the paper proposes the creation of non-combustible compositions with a flammable refrigerant R-365mfc with combustion inhibitor CF and CFO which are short-lived substances in the atmosphere. There were carried out the studies aimed at determining the hazard class and creating non-combustible compositions on the experimental installation “Variant” at atmospheric pressure. It is expected that when added to R-365mfc a heavy inhibitor with a high heat capacity will cause a strong inhibitory effect on the combustion process, it will also be important if this inhibitor is able to chemically inhibit the combustion process through interaction with the active sites responsible for its occurrence. It was ascertained that R-365mfc belongs to the A2L hazard class, and the non-combustible mixed composition based on R-365mfc is 54.2 % wt. R-365mfc - 42.8 % wt. CF(a). The possibility of reducing the proportion of the greenhouse component in the mixed composition of the refrigerant by 45.8 % by weight is shown. The efficiency of combustion inhibition is determined by the characteristics of the thermal degradation of inhibitors in the flame.