РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦІЯ КОНЦЕПТУ POPULUS У ЛАТИНСЬКІЙ МОВІ (на матеріалі лексикографічних джерел)

Abstract

The article focuses on the study of the lexical representation of the Latin concept POPULUS in lexicographic sources. Based on a comparison of relevant lexicographic articles in the bilingual translation dictionaries as well as observing the synonymous series, the key sememes were highlighted, which shape the determined semantic areas of the concept POPULUS. Semantic area “people as a human community, connected by a common origin” is being interpreted through the notions of ethnicity, nation, nationality; the population of the state or its specific part, region, area; tribe, clan, family, degree of kinship. At the lexical level, this meaning is realized through synonymous series: gens, familia, genus, stirps, prosapia; genus, gens, natio, populus. Semantic area “people as a political community” correlates with the notions of state (Roman state), citizenship, democracy, civil rights; and represented by such words, that reflect the facts of the social and political organization of Ancient Rome, as Senatus populusque Romanus; patricii et plebs. Semantic area “people as a large number of people, crowd”, realized by the lexemes of the synonymous series plebs, vulgus, multitudo, turba, tumultus, demonstrates the opposition of personality and the popular mass and is marked by an expressive axiology. The semantic peculiarities of the lexemes that represent the concept POPULUS in the context of historical and cultural realities of Ancient Roman society are analyzed; their specific features and axiological characteristics are determined.