일부 공단지역 PM2.5에 부착된 중금속 노출에 의한 건강위해성평가

Abstract

This study estimated the health risk of heavy metals in particulate matter <TEX>$(PM)_{2.5}$</TEX> in a Gwangyang industrial complex. The <TEX>$PM_{2.5}$</TEX> containing heavy metal was collected from January to November, 2008 using a denuder air sampler and by IC (Ion Chromatograph). The risk assessment was performed in a four-step process; hazard identification, exposure assessment, dose-response assessment and risk characterization. In the hazard identification process, <TEX>$Cr^{6+}$</TEX>, Ni, As, and Pb were categorized as human carcinogens and probable human carcinogens, while Ti, Mn, Se, P, <TEX>$Cr^{3+}$</TEX>, Cu, and Zn were not classified as human carcinogens. It was found that the excess cancer risk by Central Tendency Exposure (CTE) of <TEX>$Cr^{6+}$</TEX> and As in <TEX>$PM_{2.5}$</TEX> was > <TEX>$10^{-6}$</TEX>, and the total excess cancer risk posed by carcinogen heavy metals in <TEX>$PM_{2.5}$</TEX> was > <TEX>$10^{-6}$</TEX>. It was also determined that the total hazard index by CTE of non-carcinogen heavy metals in <TEX>$PM_{2.5}$</TEX> was <1. Taken together, these results indicate a high cancer risk associated whit inhalation of heavy metal-containing<TEX>$PM_{2.5}$</TEX> in industrial areas.