ЗМІНА АКТИВНОСТІ Na+/K+–АТФ-ази В ЕМБРІОНАХ КОРОПОВИХ РИБ ЗА ДІЇ РІЗНОГО ТЕМПЕРАТУРНОГО ТА КИСНЕВОГО РЕЖИМУ ВОДОЙМ

Abstract

Due to the increase in global average annual temperatures considerable changes of living conditions of aquatic organisms. Recently, many reservoirs an increase in water temperature 4–5 °C. Since fish are poikilothermic animals then these changes will greatly affect their life. That is why the purpose of our research was to determine the influence of environmental factors aquatic environment and their fluctuations in the early stages of embryos of fish, assess the extent of action by anatomical, morphological, biochemical and genetic parameters. In this paper, lit only part of the total of the results, namely a change of activity Na + /K + –ATP-ase embryos for carp, grass carp and silver carp white. The noted inter specific differences in activity of the enzyme. With the deteriorating conditions of temperature and decrease with the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the white carp ATP-ase activity increases, that is reinforced exchange between external and internal environment of the eggs that we saw in temperatures of 30.4 and 30.6 °C, which was the highest enzyme activity. Also while there was accelerated growth of embryos was observed and a significant percentage of anomalies of development. The most optimal, in our opinion, was the temperature during incubation of silver carp within 25–28 ºC. For grass carp found the maximum ATPase activity at temperatures 25.6 ºC (41.1 mg P / h. × mg protein). The most optimal in terms of enzyme activity investigated, we believe the temperature at 25.0 ºC as for white carp. In carp on stage pigmentation eye we observed the highest activity of Na + /K + –ATP-ase in temperatures 22.0–24.0 ºC, who was 22.8–59.0 % higher than 25.0–28.0 ºC. It 22.0–24.0 ºC is the optimal temperature conditions for this species in natural waters. As the temperature at this stage, the reduced activity of the enzyme that caused fetal compensatory response to the growing influence of temperature factor and reduction of dissolved oxygen.