역사가와 이데올로기: E. H. 카와 자유주의

Abstract

For E. H. Carr as a twentieth-century historian, liberalism was his developmental background as well as an ideological obstacle to overcome. Through the First World War, Carr came to realize the bankruptcy of western civilization and began to criticize liberalism, a then dominant ideology, with the extensive reading and writing on the nineteenth-century Russian intelligentsia and Marx. Along with the Paris conference and resulting Versailles Peace Treaty in 1919 for a postwar international order, Carr denounced the contradictions and weaknesses of Liberalism from international affairs through politics and economics to philosophy, and established himself as a trenchant dissident in western society. After the Second World War, however, Carr went beyond criticism to offer various alternatives of mass democracy, planning, welfare and collectivism, which provided a new perspective for the contemporary western civilization despite their utopian aspects.