Abstract

This paper proposes a blind watermarking scheme using DWT satisfying robustness, invisibility, and security to protect the ownership of digital image contents. This scheme does not determine any watermarking position by local image information. It rather inserts the watermark information into all the four lowest frequency subbands after transforming the host image by n-level 2-dimensional DWT, depending on, the sizes of the host image and the watermark data. Its watermark insertion methodology uses some weighting factors according to the kind of the subband and its energy level to adjust the invisibility and the robustness of the watermark. This method is experimented for various pixel-value change attacks and geometric attacks with various images having different resolutions and aspect ratios. With the experimental results and by comparing with existing methods, we show that the proposed method has a great deal of general usage with good watermark invisibility and good robustness against attacks.

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