실리콘계 용제(Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, D5)와 실리콘계 계면활성제에 의한 면직물과 Polyester/Cotton(65/35)직물의 친환경 드라이클리닝 효과 향상

Abstract

The detergency and soil redeposition of cotton and polyester/cotton(65/35) fabrics in dry cleaning solvents, i.e. petroleum solvent, perchloroethylene, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane(D5), with commercial detergents were studied. The dry cleaning detergency of cotton soiled fabric was not satisfactory regardless of cleaning conditions. However, the KS detergent noticeably improved wet detergency and also diminished the soil redeposition of cotton fabrics. Polyester/cotton(65/35) soiled fabrics displayed a similar tendency of dry cleaning detergency. Generally, wet cleaning exhibited a better detergency for both cotton and polyester/cotton(65/35) soiled fabrics than dry cleaning. Therefore, wet cleaning was more suited for those textiles if there were no deformation issues regarding the shapes and sizes of clothes. Even though the dry cleaning detergency of D5 was not optimal, it was comparable to that of petroleum solvents and perchloroethylene. When commercial detergents were added to the dry cleaning solvents, the soil redeposition decreased regardless of solvent/fabric types with the following exception: The soil redeposition in D5 with the commercial detergent dramatically increased with added water due to its lack of siliphilicity. Silicone surfactants were tested for detergency and soil redeposition in D5 regarding their suitability as dry cleaning detergents. Among three candidate silicone surfactants, PEG/PPG-19/19 Dimethicone (high molecular weight) displayed an exceptionally good soil redeposition prevention effect, even though its dry cleaning detergency was not very satisfactory. It is rare that clothes are as heavily soiled as artificially soiled fabrics under real wearing conditions. Therefore, soil redeposition can be more crucial for commercial dry cleaning systems than detergency itself, especially for light-colored clothes. The siliphilicy of surfactants calculated with a three-dimensional hydrophile-lipophile balance (3D HLB) concept is an important factor in determining surfactants for D5 dry cleaning purposes. In conclusion, PEG/PPG-19/19 Dimethicone (high molecular weight) is an appropriate surfactant in D5 dry cleaning detergents for dry cleaning performance improvements of cotton and polyester/cotton fabrics.