Роль вітаміну D в генезі звичних репродуктивних втрат

Abstract

Currently, there is active discussion worldwide regarding the impact of vitamin D deficiency and the manifestations of its immunosuppressive properties on the development of recurrent pregnancy loss. Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are quite common, with prevalence ranging from 35% to 80%. Despite modern molecular-genetic technologies, the question of polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes remains relevant. Purpose - analysis of the relationship between VDR genes polymorphisms in women affected by recurrent reproductive loss. A systematic search of published literature with a meta-analysis was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for the period from 2021 to 2022. This review examines the association VDR in women with recurrent reproductive losses. There is a connection between low vitamin D levels and the risk of developing various somatic diseases. The review of scientific data confirmed information about the comorbidity of diseases related to vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Thus, extragenital pathology creates unfavorable conditions for recurrent pregnancy losses, limits adaptive mechanisms, and contributes to the exacerbation of complications that may arise due to vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. During the review, it was found that the most prevalent and well-studied polymorphic variants of the VDR gene, such as FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236), and Cdx2, are associated with various diseases, including reproductive losses. In particular, the FokI polymorphism (rs2228570) of the VDR gene acts as an independent factor capable of predicting the level of vitamin D in the blood, influencing pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions. The obtained data represent significant information for assessing the risk of recurrent reproductive losses and developing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of these conditions. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.