Abstract
State-of-the-art models of dispersion of contamination in the urban environment and industrial areas employ a CFD approach in order to calculate turbulent characteristics of flow around buildings with complex geometry. The main area of application of these models is to facilitate licensing of potentially hazardous facilities and assessment of meteorological conditions in the urban environment. The usage of the most popular commercial CFD software with regard to modelling flows in the urban environment is significantly limited by the requirement for computational mesh refinement near the surface of the building in order to adequately resolve the characteristic scales in the viscous and buffer sublayers. On the other hand, models based on the traditional gaussian approach cannot take into account the complex aerodynamic effects in order to calculate turbulent characteristics of flow around buildings with complex geometry, including the subtleties concerning atmospheric emissions of gas-aerosol substances. Therefore, the authors developed a robust, highly specialized CFD-RANS model and a calculation code for modelling the atmospheric dispersion of contamination under conditions of a complex three-dimensional geometry that do not require mesh refinement. The authors verified this model using extensive database obtained both in the course of field experiments as well as of wind tunnel experiments. The verification results showed that the developed model satisfies the acceptance criteria for the quality of modelling along with foreign general-purpose codes and highly specialized codes.
Highlights
A characteristic feature of the atmospheric transport of contaminants on a local scale is that the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the plume are comparable with the size of sharply outlined obstacles such as industrial buildings
Popular commercial CFD codes for pollutants atmospheric dispersion that take into account realistic geometry of urban or industrial buildings are mostly limited to simplified problems
The use of such codes for modeling flows around buildings with complex geometry is limited by the need to refine the computational mesh near the surfaces of buildings and the ground
Summary
A characteristic feature of the atmospheric transport of contaminants on a local scale is that the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the plume are comparable with the size of sharply outlined obstacles such as industrial buildings. Popular commercial CFD codes for pollutants atmospheric dispersion that take into account realistic geometry of urban or industrial buildings are mostly limited to simplified problems. The use of such codes for modeling flows around buildings with complex geometry is limited by the need to refine the computational mesh near the surfaces of buildings and the ground. This paper describes only the MMM and verification of a part of the general software complex modelling key parameters of atmospheric non-isotropic processes (wind, turbulence) These parameters are the input data for modelling pollutants transport in case of complex geometry. It takes into account the specifics of radioactive contamination, but the model is not available to third-party users [3]
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