ФАКТОРИ ПОШИРЕННЯ AMBROSIA ARTEMISIFOLIA L. (ASTERACEAE DUMORT.) НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ М. ЛУЦЬКА (ВОЛИНСЬКА ОБЛАСТЬ)

Abstract

The distribution of the plant quarantine species – Ambrosia artemisifolia L. ( Asteraceae ) in Lutsk city has been investigated, which grows in territories with different ecological conditions was investigated: on railroad, near rivers, landfills, cultivated fields, residential buildings. Primary distribution centers were marked near railway stations and roadside lanes of the road. The first massive appearance of A. artemisifolia on the territory of the city are observed at the end of April – the beginning of May, the flowering begins in mid-August and lasts until October. The basic localities were indentified and the map of A . artemisifolia distribution on the territory was compiled. There are five main areas of distribution of A. artemisifolia within the city: three areas of industrial units (northern, southern and eastern), railway area and area of building. The largest area of distribution of A. artemisifolia in the city is the area of the building, and the main centers of growth with the highest density fall into the railway area and the area of the southern industrial place. It was found that the distribution of A . artemisifolia deep into the city takes place from the railway and industrial areas as well, as from the entry roads – the streets Kovelska, Volodymyrska and Lvivska. It was hypothesis established that the successful area capture by this species within the city is connected with the environmental preferences of A . artemisifolia : in places of distribution there is a high level of illumination of the territory, an increased amount of exchangeable Са +, К + , Nа + in the soil, it neutral or light-grained soil pH reaction, violation of vegetation density, due to which the competitiveness of the investigated species and its further maintenance in phytocoenoses increases. Usage of only mechanical (periodic abatement) methods of combating with this species do not give positive results, so it is recommended that chemical and biological control measures be used in accessible places, as well as the introduction of legal aspects and raising public awareness of the harmfulness of this species.