Морфологічні показники яєчникa курей за згодовування оптимальних кормових добавок соняшникової фузи та сірчанокислого цинку

Abstract

We examined the ovary of laying hens (Rhode Island, line 38), which were receiving the feed supplement consisting of 0.71% sunflower fuse and 400 g/t zinc sulphate (ZnSO4·7H2O). Macroscopically, the ovary follicles were divided into preovulatory - small white (SWF), large white (LWF), small yellow (SYF), large yellow (LYF) and ovulatory. Histological sections were prepared according to the generally accepted method, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, fuchsin-aniline, blau-orange according to Malory. Lipids were detected on frozen sections stained with a mixture of sudan III, IV and sudan black B according to the Leason method. It was found that ovarian weight of laying hens increased by 19.4% due to the amount of LYF and the predominance of ovulatory follicles. In primordial follicles (SWF), oocytes are surrounded by a single-layered squamous epithelium, their cytoplasm is uniformly basophilic, and their nuclei are spherical and basophilic. In primary follicles (LWF), the height of the follicular epithelium increases to cubic, and theca forms. The oocyte nuclei are large, weakly basophilic, the cytoplasm is basophilic with individual small red vacuoles, which are confirming the presence of a carbohydrate yolk. Secondary follicles (SYF, LYF) predominate in size over primary ones. The process of follicular development is combined with the differentiation of granulosa and theca layers. The perinuclear zone of some oocytes’ cytoplasm is intensely basophilic, while in others it contains fatty inclusions. Nuclei include 14-15 small spherical nucleoli. The penetration of fat droplets through the wall of the follicle into the cytoplasm of the oocyte indicates that ready-made substances, which are synthesized in the liver of birds, come from the blood. In follicles, which are ripening, the granulosa is thinned, the theca is well developed, the cytoplasm is fine-meshed with inclusions of fat and vacuoles, the nuclei contain 9-10 nucleoli. The number of atretic follicles is inversely proportional to the amount of LYF. The complex of morphological indicators of ovary of laying hens, which were receiving the feed supplement, gives evidence of a more rapid maturation of follicles and activation of synthesis in the cytoplasm of oocytes. It contributes to an increase in egg production and an improvement in the quality of hatching eggs.