Abstract
본 연구는 주요 4개 난대수종에 대한 탄소배출계수를 개발하고 이를 이용하여 탄소저장/흡수량을 산정하고자 하였다. 대상 수종은 구실잣밤나무, 동백나무, 붉가시나무 및 종가시나무였으며, 이들에 대한 탄소배출계수는 다음과 같이 도출되었다. 탄소배출계수 중 하나인 목재기본밀도는 구실잣밤나무 0.583, 동백나무 0.657, 붉가시나무 0.833, 종가시나무 0.763이었으며, 이들 계수에 대한 불확도는 5.3~17.9%의 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 바이오매스 확장계수는 구실잣밤나무 1.386, 동백나무 2.621, 붉가시나무 1.701, 종가시나무 2.123이었으며, 이들에 대한 불확도는 14.7~30.5%의 범위에 있었다. 또한 뿌리 함량비는 구실잣밤나무 0.454, 동백나무 0.356, 붉가시나무 0.191, 종가시나무 0.299이었으며, 이들에 대한 불확도는 19.8~35.7%의 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 목재기본밀도 등 3개의 탄소배출계수는 모두 FAO에서 권장하는 40% 이하의 불확도를 갖고 있으므로 국가고유계수로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 난대지역에 분포하는 주요 4개 수종에 대한 탄소저장량을 산정한 결과, 구실잣밤나무 <TEX>$186.10tCO_2/ha$</TEX>, 동백나무 <TEX>$280.63tCO_2/ha$</TEX>, 붉가시나무 <TEX>$344.04tCO_2/ha$</TEX>, 종가시나무 <TEX>$278.91tCO_2/ha$</TEX>으로 나타났으며, 연간 탄소흡수량은 <TEX>$6.65tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX>, <TEX>$6.25tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX>, <TEX>$11.70tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX>, <TEX>$12.29tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX>으로 각각 나타났다. 이러한 정보는 난대지역 상록활엽수림 경영관리에 있어 중요한 정보가 될 것이며, 기후변화에 의한 산림 식생대 변화를 대비하는 정책적 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. In this study, we developed the carbon emission factors for 4 major species of warm-temperate region in Korea, and tried to provide their carbon emissions and removals estimates using these carbon emission factors. We selected Castanopsis cuspidata, Camellia japonica, Quercus acuta and Quercus glauca as target species and derived their carbon emission factors. The basic wood density that serve as one of the carbon emission factors were 0.583 for Castanopsis cuspidata, 0.657 for Camellia japonica, 0.833 for Quercus acuta and 0.763 for Quercus glauca and their uncertainties ranged from 5.3 to 17.9%. Biomass expansion factors were calculated as well: 1.386 for Castanopsis cuspidata, 2.621 for Camellia japonica, 1.701 for Quercus acuta and 2.123 for Quercus glauca and associated uncertainties varied from 14.7 to 30.5%. Lastly root-shoot ratios for each species were also determined: 0.454 for Castanopsis cuspidata, 0.356 for Camellia japonica, 0.191 for Quercus acuta and 0.299 for Quercus glauca with the uncertainties lying within a range from 19.8 to 35.7%. These three carbon emission factors including basic wood density had the uncertainties of less than 40% recommended by FAO. Therefore the application of country-specific emission factors seemed to provide quite accurate estimates of carbon emissions and removals. The estimation of the carbon stored in the 4 species were also conducted which amounted to <TEX>$186.10tCO_2/ha$</TEX> for Castanopsis cuspidata, <TEX>$280.63tCO_2/ha$</TEX> for Camellia japonica, <TEX>$344.04tCO_2/ha$</TEX> for Quercus acuta and <TEX>$278.91tCO_2/ha$</TEX> for Quercus glauca and their annual carbon removals were <TEX>$6.65tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX>, <TEX>$6.25tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX>, <TEX>$11.70tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX> and <TEX>$12.29tCO_2/ha/yr$</TEX>, respectively. This systematic assessment of forest resources can be a reliable source of information for managing evergreen broadleaved forest in warm temperate regions and thus serve as useful data for effective decision-making to address vegetation zone shifts due to climate change.
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