Abstract
The purpose of the article is to analyze one of the key moments in the history of the Soviet Union – the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in February 14-25, 1956. The task is to investigate the relationship between the two main ideas that were expressed at the sessions of the Congress by N. S. Khrushchev and party comrades: exposing the personality cult of J. V. Stalin and rethinking the idea of peaceful coexistence of the two systems, proposed by V. I. Lenin. The history of philosophy in Stalin's period, the struggle of dialectics with mechanists is analyzed, the influence of J. V. Stalin on changes in philosophy, which has acquired a dogmatic character thanks to the cult of personality, is demonstrated. Dialectics with its unity of opposites, being at the basis of all phenomena of nature and society, creates contradictions in the understanding of certain phenomena. That is why the concepts of "peace" and "war" acquire opposite connotations. After the exposure of the cult of personality, it is time for a new ideology, part of which is the recognition of terror in past and a peaceful orientation in foreign policy. The article analyzes the critical literature and transcripts of the congress' reports.
Highlights
There was a period in the history of the Soviet Union when the country's official ideology changed its attitude towards to a diametrically opposite
The cult of personality, which was announced at the 20th Congress of the CPSU, was formed on the basis of Stalinist philosophy with its dialectical logic
They write in their article De-Stalinization of the Concept of the Nation in Soviet Marxism in the Second Half of the 20th Century (2020) about some problems of Soviet philosophy through the prism of contemporary philosophy: "The reasons for the ideologization of the research work of Soviet scientists and their accessible results, were that the theory and concept of the nation were of traditional interest for Marxism as a science
Summary
There was a period in the history of the Soviet Union when the country's official ideology changed its attitude towards to a diametrically opposite.
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