Abstract

“应得”是当代分配正义的重要概念,也有着悠久的历史。古希腊时代亚里士多德等人语境中的“应得”对应的英文词汇是merit,这与现代社会强调的“应得”(deserve)有很多不同。前者指基于德性来应得公共职务,后者是基于理性个体的行动应得社会基本益品。“应得”从古代merit到近现代deserve的范式转型与启蒙运动息息相关。20世纪以来,约翰·罗尔斯等人对“应得”和“反应得”的区分再次深化了对这一问题的思考。当代“应得”的讨论还突破传统的问题域,在“代际应得”和“全球应得”等论域实现了新拓展。

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