Постинсультные нейропсихологические нарушения

Abstract

The aim of research. The aim of the study was to evaluate neuropsychological disorders in patients with ischemic stroke in the acute period. Materials and methods. 100 patients with primary and repeated ischemic stroke in the carotid artery and vertebro-basilar arterial system in the acute period were examined. Patients did not have severe motor and speech disorders that could prevent neuro-psychological examination. The ischemic focus was visualized for 1–6 days from the onset of the disease by magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Cognitive functions were assessed using a Mini Mental State Examination scale, a 10-word memorization test, and Schulte tables. Results. In the acute period of stroke, cognitive deficit was observed in 77% of cases and according to Mini Mental State Examination was 26.87±0.8 points in young patients, 22.83±0.8 points-in middle-aged patients. More pronounced disorders of higher brain functions were found in patients hospitalized during a period of more than 12 hours from the beginning of the disease clinic and amounted to 23.2±0.6 points. Conclusion. The study revealed that in the acute period of ischemic stroke, cognitive disorders were observed in 77% of cases, while late hospitalization of patients was accompanied by more pronounced violations of neuropsychological functions. And cognitive impairment was significantly prevalent in individuals of middle and old age compared to younger patients. Repeated stroke led to more significant not only neurological, but also cognitive impairment, which is associated with structural and functional damage to the substance of the brain and a decrease in the reserve capacity of the Central nervous system.