Abstract
The objective of this study was to know the herbicidal activity of the essential oil from amyris(Amyris balsamifera). In a seed bioassay experiment, the amyris essential oil inhibited the growth of rapeseed(Brassica napus) by fifty percent at 8.8 ㎍ g -1 . And in a greenhouse experiment, sorghum, bamyard grass and Indian jointvetch, which was applied in above-ground parts, with the amyris essential oil at 4,000 ㎍ ml -1 showed visual injuries of 90, 70, and 70, respectively(0, no damage; 100, total damage). However, soil application of the essential oil did not show such herbicidal injuries. In a field experiment, foliar application of the amyris esential oil at 5% controlled effectively weeds such as bamyardgrass, shepherds purse, and clover in 24 hours. Our results indicated that the amyris essential oil had herbicidal activity. To understand the composition of the amyris essential oil, the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectometry with solid-phase micro-extraction apparatus. There were 15 organic chemicals in the oil and the major consitiuents were calarence, elemol, γ-eudesmol, curcumene, s-sesquiphellandrene, zingiberene, selina-3, 7(11)-diene, 1,3-diisopropenyl-6-methyl-eyclohexene, s-bisabolene, and s-maaliene. Overall results suggest that the amyris essential oil had a herbicidal activity with fast, contact, and non-selective mechanism.
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