Abstract
Mast cells are known to degranulate and release several kinds of chemical mediators, including histamine, when they are sensitized with IgE antibodies and exposed to the appropriate antigen. Histamine, released from the mast cells, acts on their specific receptors located on the surface membrane of the endothelial and smooth muscle cells, and causes immediate allergic and inflammatory reactions. In this review, we introduce an application of in vivo microdialysis technique to monitoring of the plasma and subcutaneous levels of histamine in the jugular vein and the hind paw of urethane anesthetized rats, respectively. In the IgE pretreated rats, plasma histamine level increased immediately after intravenous administration of DNP-BSA, as an antigen, and the decrease in the mean blood pressure was found simultaneously with this treatment. Subplantar injection of compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator, induced both the rapid increase in histamine release and the relatively gradual development of paw edema. These results, however, were not observed in genetically mast cell deficient Ws/Ws rats with the same treatments. We concluded that the present methods were useful and suitable for determining the release of mast cell histamine in situ, related to the experimental model of allergic and inflammatory diseases.
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