ПОЛЮВАННЯ НА «ЗУБРА»

Abstract

The article highlights the creative heritage of Neo-Latin poets who belonged to Ukrainian, Polish, Belarusan (Litvin) and Lithuanian literature, in particular the works of a priest, secretary of the Grand Duchy Chancellery and Bishop of Polotsk, public notary of the Apostolic Chancellery for the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, representative of the Renaissance Mykola Husovskyi (Latin – Nicolaus Hussovianus about 1470 –– after 1533) — Master of Rhetoric, later Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Bologna, primarily his epic poem «The Song of the Bison» or «The Song of the Appearance, Fury of the Bison and the Hunt for It» («Carmen de statura feritate ac venatione bisontis») commissioned by the Pope of the Roman Leo X Medici, traces the history of its writing in the context of contemporary literature, the appearance of a Latin-language monument in St. Petersburg (1853) and Krakow (1894; with a foreword and comments by J. Pelchar) and later receptions and translations (V. Maslyuk, A. Sodomora etc.). The subject of analysis was the re-singing of this work by A. Kychynskyi, the motives that motivated the poet to such a work, the history of the writing of this re-singing. He used a modernized modernized elegiac couplet with a dactylic foot (a type of hexameter with a pentamnet), which in European poetry changed its structure to a five-six-foot dactyl with alternating stressed and unstressed syllables while preserving ascending and descending melody, intonation and syntactic completeness. In the interpretation of Mykola Husovskyi, the bull appeared as the embodiment of courage, a symbol of hard work and a powerful welcoming force, conveyed in a monumental portrait of a proud animal, in his innate character, which corresponds to the mentality of the Polish pike: «The bison, although a beast, is a warrior in his zeal, / Because he recognizes only a fair victory». A. Kychynskyi in his retelling of «The Song of the Bison» preserved the compositional and semantic features of the arbitrary author’s version of the sample while preserving the Renaissance flavor, the principles of the natural (forest) man, the heroic rank and the state beliefs of the time of Prince Vytautas (1392–1430), who represented a charismatic statesman , the defender of Christianity, capable of resisting the Horde and Muscovy. The author of the re-singing achieved the semantic adequacy of Mykola Husovskyi’s work.