日本人(北九州)の耳介形態の分類について

Abstract

Despite of the fact that observation is an important and concrete description rather than measurements in the field of somatological research, it tends to be neglected due to its subjective tendencies. In observation of auriculae, the classification by Schwalbe, in which the emphasis is on the process of biological evolution, has been used. However, it is felt to be rather confusing in the actual comparisons. The present author has felt the need to make a more objective classification chart of Japanese auriculae in order to discuss geographical differences and to clarify the origin of Japanese people. With a specifically standardized method, auriculae of Japanese (Kitakyushu district) are photograhed and classified by the observation of the pictures. The results of observation on auriculae (right) of 733 people (430 males and 303 females), aged from 16 to 59 years old, are as follows : 1. Helix The following three types are classified from the position of ear breadth by dividing the outline between superaurale and subaurale into three equal sections. 1) Ear breadth is in the upper third of the ear length. 2) Ear breadth is in the middle third of the ear length. 3) Ear breadth is in the lower third of the ear length. 2. Lobulus auriculae The following three types are classified according to the forms of lobulus auriculae and the conditions of the insertion to the cheek ; 1) hanging type, 2) missing type, 3) intermediate type. 3. Concha auriculae The following two types are classified ; 1) Sharp type which is sharp in the appearance between the upper and lateral margin of concha auriculae, 2) smooth type which is smooth and natural looking. 4. Incisura intertragica The following three types are classified according to the conditions of growth in tragus and antitragus in terms of the forms ; 1) funnel-form, 2) cylindric-form, 3) sac-form. 5. Combination of helix, lobulus auriculae, concha auriculae and incisura intertragica The total of 54 combination types (classified types) are found. In the males, the five types from the highest rates are ; 23rd Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the middle third of the ear length, hanging type of lobulus auriculae, smooth type of concha auriculae, and cylindric-form of incisura intertragica : 9.30%), 5th Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the upper third of the ear length, hanging type of lobulus auliculae, smooth type of concha auriculae, cylindric-form of incisura intertragica : 6.51%), 20th Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the middle third of the ear length, hanging type of lobulus auriculae, sharp type of concha auriculae, cylindric-form of incisura intertragica : 6.51%), 22nd Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the middle third of the ear length, hanging type of lobulus auriculae, smooth type of concha auriculae, funnel-form of incisura intertragica : 5.35%), and 8 th Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the upper third of the ear length, intermediate type of lobulus auriculae, sharp type of concha auriculae, cylindric-form of incisura intertragica : 4.88%). These five types are the main forms of auriculae among Kitakyushu males. In the females, the five types from the highest rates are ; 20th Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the middle third of the ear length, hanging type of lobulus auriculae, sharp type of concha auriculae, cylindric-form of incisura intertragica : 8.25%), 2 nd Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the upper third of the ear length, hanging type of lobulus auriculae, sharp type of concha auriculae, cylindric-form of incisura intertragica : 7.92%), 8 th Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the upper third of the ear length, intermediate type of lobulus auriculae, sharp type of concha auriculae, cylindric-form of incisura intertragica : 6.93%), 14th Type (helix whose ear breadth is in the upper third of the ear length, missing type of lobulus auriculae, sharp type of concha auriculae, cylindric-form of incisura