Abstract
This paper describes experimental results of the outflow of cargo or fuel oil from the bottom hole of ship caused by grounding accidents. The oil level of tank should be lower than sea water level for preventing the primary outflow of oil due to static pressure difference at the bottom hole of tank. Then, two types of models, which were the deep tank such as the lower mid-deck tank and the double bottom tank, were used for the tank test. The flow coefficients of primary outflow of oil from small circular hole were obtained using different kind of oils. The quantity of secondary outflow of oil caused by dynamic effect with current or waves from the large rectangular hole were measured to obtain the influences of current velocity or wave height, and viscosity of oil. Additional tests for the vacuum tank were conducted to confirm the effectiveness for decreasing the quantity of oil outflow from the bottom hole.
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