Abstract
The idea of creating a comfortable, truly convenient city for all residents excites the minds of architects and urban planners for hundreds of years. A modern city, both a megalopolis and a district center, should be a comfortable environment in terms of functionality, ecology, aesthetics and safety. The article analyzes the methods for assessing the comfort of the urban environment, considers the parameters of a comprehensive assessment of the urban development complex. Modern urban planning concepts, such as smart development and the program of sustainable development of territories, are considered. A critical approach to modernism and constructivism in urban planning is applied. The analysis of urban planning theories based on the historical and cultural uniqueness of the city, as well as "free spaces" in the modern city is carried out on the example of the cities of Chandigarh (India) and Brasilia (Brazil). The ideas of a new urbanism, the humanization of urban space, the concept of the city for people, not for cars are explored. The possibilities of using the balance of social interests in the organization of the urban landscape are considered. The ratio of functionality and privacy of the urban environment is shown by the example of multi-storey and quarter buildings. The parameters necessary to create a comfortable urban environment are offered.
Highlights
The idea of creating a comfortable, truly convenient city for all residents excites the minds of architects and urban planners for hundreds of years
The article analyzes the methods for assessing the comfort of the urban environment, considers the parameters of a comprehensive assessment of the urban development complex
The ratio of functionality and privacy of the urban environment is shown by the example of multi-storey and quarter buildings
Summary
Современный город, как мегаполис, так и районный центр, должен представлять собой комфортную среду, не только с точки зрения функциональности, но и экологии, эстетики, безопасности. В статье проведен анализ методик оценки комфортности городской среды, рассмотрены параметры комплексной оценки градостроительного комплекса. Привлекательность городской среды для современного человека нераздельно следует с экологической безопасностью и гражданской ответственностью, как отдельного индивидуума, так и всего общества в целом. Современный город должен представлять собой комфортную среду, как с точки зрения функциональности, так и экологии. 1.б Природно-социальная концепция Рассматривает воздействие качественно новых процессов, возникающих в процессе функционирования города, на жизнь горожан 1.в Ландшафтно-геохимическая концепция Рассматривает город, как мощный источник техногенного воздействия на городской ландшафт. В основу положен вопрос оценки условий жизни горожан через отношение застройки и зеленых насаждений, эстетических свойств городской среды, микроклимата, удоб-. В этой методике городской ландшафт разделяется на шесть морфотипов (рис.1)
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