Abstract
The extraction of ruthenium (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions has been investigated by using high molecular-weight amines under various conditions.The extraction isotherm shows a shape analogous, which has a minimum value at 1.5-2 mol dm-3 initial aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. Hence, it is suggested that the extraction species varies in low acidity (≤1.5 mol dm-3 HC1) and higher acidity (≥1.5 mol dm-3 HC1). The order of the extractability of amines, with the exception of BDDA, TOA, CODA and CDDA, is quaternary ammonium compound>>tertiary amine>secondary amine, and the extractability is promoted by substitution of benzyl (electron donor) group.Stoichiometric composition of the DOA and TOA complexes formed in the organic phase are deduced to be R2NH2Ru (OH) 2 Cl2·3H2O at low acidity and R2NH·2RuOCl2 2H2O at higher acidity and R3NHRu (OH) 2 Cl2·0.5R3NHCl·2H2O at low acidity and R3NHRu0Cl2·R3NHCl·H2O at higher acidity, respectively.In the examination of diluents effects, it is found that nitorobenzene is most effective for the extraction of Ru (III) with TOA.The distribution ratios in the extraction with DOA and TOA decrease with increasing temperature.
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