Применение программного обеспечения Simulink при проектировании судна

Abstract

The article considers different types of controllers and regulators used in industry, laboratories and for daily tasks. In practice, the most commonly used controllers are discrete state controllers, PID controllers, fuzzy and neural controllers. The last two use more sophisticated concepts, such as artificial intelligence. Controllers can be divided into feed-forward and feedback controllers. The feed-forward controller works by giving a result based on waiting for the next step, while the feedback controller works to give an observable result that changes the processing value of the later step. PID controllers are very popular in the design of a ship's main power plant. There is considered a schematic diagram of the PID controller. The description of the ship model in the Simulink environment is presented, the specified model of the diesel engine, the mechanical regulator, areas of restrictions of the engine are illustrated. The model of the turbocharger is analyzed in detail. It consists of a turbine resting on the exhaust gases coming out of the cylinders, due to which the compressor starts and compresses the air at the inlet to the cylinders. There is given the equation formed by the ratio of integral to time. In accordance with the original model of the diesel engine Diesel Engine Module, the nominal efficiency is defined. A model of shaft dynamics based on Newton's second law for rotation is considered. The actual Simulink model is illustrated, which introduces transmission losses and saturation associated with the load capacity of the engine. The model uses three designs of propellers. The characteristics of the propellers on the container ship MSC Caitlin, the tanker “Ivan Poddubny” and the ferry “Olympiad” are given. The general model of the propeller is made and resistance of calm water is simulated. The additional model of wave resistance is presented.