Выявление особенностей распространения Fritillaria karelinii (Fisch. еx D. Don) Baker на юго-востоке Казахстана

Abstract

The article provides an analytical review of the current state of study of the Karelin grouse Fritillaria karelinii (Fisch. ex D. Don) Baker from the family. Liliaceae on literature, herbarium and field research materials undertaken in March 2020 on the territory of Almaty region on the basis of which described natural population and the peculiarities of distribution in the South-East of Kazakhstan the studied species, the bulbs of which in recent years have become the object of a natural and predatory harvesting on the territory of Almaty region with the aim of exporting raw materials to China, where they are applied in Chinese medicine to receive antitussives and expectorants. According to the literature, a number of species of Ryabchik was able to detect antihypertensive, antinociceptive (analgesic), anti-inflammatory, sedative and antitumor effects due to the presence of steroid alkaloids. Analysis of the collections of the herbarium Fund of the Institute of botany and phyto-introduction indicates a wide distribution of the studied species on the territory of Kazakhstan, about half of the samples of which are collected in the South-East of Kazakhstan. Phytocenotic and morphometric characteristics are given, as well as a map of the location of F. karelinii coenopopulations identified on the territory of the Almaty region. Comparative analysis of morphometric parameters of the Karelin river from three populations indicates that the ili population of the studied species is characterized by favorable environmental conditions and the absence of limiting factors. At the same time, the Kapshagai and Bogetinsky populations are subject to a strong anthropogenic load and need to be protected.