Abstract
철 촉매를 이용한 Fischer-Tropsch 합성 반응과 수성 가스 전환 반응에 대한 반응 메커니즘과 반응 속도식을 5 채널 고정층 반응기를 이용하여 조사하였다. 실험 조건은, 반응물 합성가스 <TEX>$H_2$</TEX>/CO 비 0.5~2, 반응물 공급 유량 60~80 ml/min, 반응 온도 <TEX>$255{\sim}275^{\circ}C$</TEX>로서 반응 압력은 1.5 MPa을 유지하였다. F-T 합성 반응의 반응 속도식(<TEX>$r_{FT}$</TEX>)은 반응 속도 결정 단계로서 분자로 흡착된 CO와 기상의 수소 분자와의 반응을 바탕으로 하는 Eley-Rideal 반응 메카니즘을 통해 계산되었고, WGS 반응의 반응 속도식(<TEX>$r_{WGS}$</TEX>)은 formate 중간체 생성 반응을 반응 속도 결정 단계로 가정하여 결정되었다. 실험 결과, F-T 합성 반응의 반응 속도식과 WGS 반응의 반응 속도식은 각각 탄화수소 생성과 <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> 생성에 대한 반응 속도 실험값을 잘 모사하였고, 또한 power law에 근거한 CO 전환 반응에 대한 반응 속도식도 실험값과 잘 일치하였다. 이처럼, 각각의 반응 메카니즘을 바탕으로 도출된 반응 속도식(<TEX>$r_{FT}$</TEX>, <TEX>$r_{WGS}$</TEX>, <TEX>$-r_{CO}$</TEX>)은 실험값과 여러 가지 기존 문헌에서 보고된 반응 속도식 모델과 잘 일치하였다. The kinetics of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and water gas shift reactions over a precipitated iron catalyst were studied in a 5 channel fixed-bed reactor. Experimental conditions were changed as follows: synthesis gas <TEX>$H_2$</TEX>/CO feed ratios of 0.5~2, reactants flow rate of 60~80 ml/min, and reaction temperature of <TEX>$255{\sim}275^{\circ}C$</TEX> at a constant pressure of 1.5 MPa. The reaction rate of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis was calculated from Eley-Rideal mechanism in which the rate-determining step was the formation of the monomer species (methylene) by hydrogenation of associatively adsorbed CO. Whereas water gas shift reaction rate was determined by the formation of a formate intermediate species as the rate-determining step. As a result, the reaction rates of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for the hydrocarbon formation and water gas shift for the <TEX>$CO_2$</TEX> production were in good agreement with the experimental values, respectively. Therefore, the reaction rates (<TEX>$r_{FT}$</TEX>, <TEX>$r_{WGS}$</TEX>, <TEX>$-r_{CO}$</TEX>) derived from the reaction mechanisms showed good agreement both with experimental values and with some kinetic models from literature.
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