Abstract
The paper describes the results of the unique analysis of nucleotide sequences of two fragments of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): cytochrome c- oxidase subunite 1 gene fragment (Co-1) and a control region fragment (D-loop) for Northern pike Esox lucius from Shchuchye (No. 1-3) and Bezymyannoye lakes (the Republic of Komi). Lake district Shchuch'ye was exposed to oil pollution. Bezymyannoye lake is in better situation, that is why it is taken as a control water body without oil pollution, along with literature data and information from the GenBank (NCBI). The populations studied are characterized by a low level of genetic polymorphism, which is higher than in the lake pike of Poland, according to the literature data. For each mtDNA fragment taken for analysis there were described two haplotypes; one of the variants of a D-loop was unique. Phylogeographic analyses was performed using practical data and information of the GenBank (NCBI) for Co-1 and D-loop of pike. The results for Co-1 sequences were more interesting. Three groups of Co-1 haplotypes were revealed with definite geographic distribution. The first group combines haplotypes from Greece, Turkey, Macedonia (south philogenetic group). The second group includes the sequence variants of the E. lucius from Central Europe, and the third - the variants found in the water bodies of Northern Europe (the Scandinavian Peninsula) and haplotypes of the pike populations of lakes in the Komi Republic (northern phylogenetic line). Thus, the Komi populations are more close relation with Northern pike from the North of Europe, which shows close relationship of E. lucius to the populations in the North Europe. The mean value of the p -distances for the control region and Co-1 of mtDNA fragment between sequences of pike from the lakes of the Komi Republic and the Northern European water bodies made 0.5% and 0.3%, respectively. Differences in the level of polymorphism between samples from lakes with oil pollution and sound reservoirs at this stage of the study haven’t been revealed.
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