Abstract
The purpose of this study is to validate Bandura’s Parental Efficacy Scale for parents of elementary, middle, and high school students and to identify their parental efficacy level. The subjects of this study were 397 parents with elementary, middle and high school children, and data were collected online through standardized questionnaires through a survey institution. Through reliability and validity analysis, a parental efficacy scale of six factors(child life support, resilience, school system support, problem behavior prevention, school environment improvement, external environment support) was proposed. The reliability of the internal consistency of each sub-factor was .90-97. As for the parental efficacy of all parents, the effect of preventing problem behavior was the highest, and the sense of efficacy of school system support was the lowest. Parental efficacy sub-factors differed according to parental gender and child’s school level, and mothers showed higher efficacy in preventing problem behaviors and supporting external environments than fathers. Parents of high school children had a lower sense of efficacy for their children’s living support, school system support, and external environment support than parents of elementary and middle school children. Based on the research results, the use of scales and future research directions were discussed.
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