АНГЛІЯ - СВІТОВИЙ ЛІДЕР 40 - 80 РОКІВ XIX СТОЛІТТЯ

Abstract

After the completion of the industrial revolution and the implementation of free competition and free trade program England comes a world leader in the production of traditional British goods (woolen and cotton fabrics), as well as the new steam engines, machine tools, machinery, etc. The country becomes a «workshop the world». In 1870, the share of the United Kingdom accounts for nearly 32% of the world's industrial potential. Coal production crossed the 50-percent level of world production, iron smelting exceeded half the world's.In 1870, the total tonnage of the merchant fleet of the island state is 60% of the world. Pushed back to Holland, a country to become a global carrier: British flags in all the oceans and seas.The British Empire rapidly expanding its territory at the expense of the former colonies of Spain, Holland, France. At 14.3 million sq. кm is home to 157 million. мan. Larger public education did not exist.Intense were vnutriimperskie foreign trade operations. Grew volumes of export-import transactions with countries all over the world, in particular with Russia. In 1870, the export of London was estimated at 199.6 million. GBPThe capital of England is transformed not only the biggest distribution center of the world, but also financial. The national currency is gaining the right world, and initiated the "gold standard" was held as the most effective in the history of the world economy.London - is the center of world science, education and culture 40 - 80 of the XIX century.Only about 1890 outwardly prosperous Britain is gradually losing its position.