マウスの心拍動, 呼吸運動, 血圧, および体温の観察と記録

Abstract

No man can determine the physiological condition without recognition of vivid phenomena going in the inside of the body, even in mice and other small animals. It is the minimal demand of biological investigation to conceive the condition of heart beat, respiratory movement, blood pressure and body temperature. Then, if they are shown objectively by some proper methods, it is presumed that a prompt advancement may be expected in the wide range of investigation using the aniaml.Nevertheless, especially in mice, the observatory method of the above-mentioned factors showing fundamental physiological condition has scarcely been considered, because the technique concerning the fixation and operation of animal mainly were seemed to be very difficult.Among the present studies, in the first place, the procedures connected with the simultaneous observation and recording of the factors were discussed in their details.As a consequence, it was clarified that observation of the heart beat and the body temperature were comparatively easy, but the measure for observing the blood pressure and the respiratory movement contained various difficulties. Therefore, several particular devices have been done about these two factors, because the fitted methods should be newly established and they must have an extensive application in spite of a rather difficulty in the technique. SUZUTA and OKUGI's direct method for measurement of the carotid arterial blood pressure was modified in some details: in the present method, preparation for the cannulation was performed by the electroshock, substituted for drug anesthesia and then, holding of the body with the aid of clay, modification of the cannula for lightening of the weight and dulling of the point of needle avoiding damage of the artery was examined.For calculation of the respiratory rate, the EMG of the diaphragm and the pneumotachogram using tracheal cannula and various shaped masks were tested. The results denoted that the glass mask produced by the authors was the most suitable.Finally the treatment and expression of the values obtained was discussed. The normal standard zone, in particular, needed for comparative discussion hereafter was established, presupposing the procedure hitherto described. In order to examine usefulness of the zone, furthermore, several experiments concerning the effect of medical drugs on mice were performed.In the results, the authors presumed that these new methods may be able to be applied extensively in clinicophysiological or pharmacological studies using the mice as materials.