韩国语构式“-다 못해”的语义功能及其汉语对应表达初探

Abstract

The Korean construction '-da motae' is an expression of negation. Previous studies on '-da motae' mainly divided it into '-da motae1', which expresses general negation, and '-da motae2', which expresses meta-linguistic negation. '-da motae' has been analyzed in detail from the perspective from syntactic and semantics, from a relatively new perspective, this paper analyzes the four aspects of the construction '-da motae': evidentiality, expectation, position evaluation and reference characteristics. The preliminary conclusions are as follows: First, in terms of evidentiality, '-da motae1' mainly plays the role of regulating evidentiality function, while '-da motae2' basically maintains the consistency of evidentiality. Second, in terms of expectation, '-da motae1' has prominent counter-expectation characteristics, with the expectation of deviating from the expected features, and the subject implements a specific behavior. '-da motae2' mainly indicates the further deepening of the preceding and following information in the same dimension, which has the characteristics of exceeding expectations as the previous information in the relative measurement standard. Third, in terms of position evaluation, '-da motae1' mainly has the characteristics of negative evaluation, '-da motae2' has the characteristics of neutral evaluation. Fourth, in terms of reference, the whole expression of '-da motae1' refers to specific reference, the generic reference attributes are expressed in the vertical dimension. The generic reference of '-da motae2' tends to be placed in the preceding clause, and the following sentence tends to specific reference, and the generic reference attributes are mainly in the horizontal dimension. In addition, the corresponding Chinese expressions of '-da motae' are also studied.