Моделювання грунтообробно-посівних агрегатів

Abstract

This research is aimed at increasing the efficiency of the technical and technological process of small-seeded green manure crops sowing by combining technological operations of a soil-tilling and planting unit (STPU) and improving the design parameters of the scatterer. A scheme of a soil-tilling and planting unit with a scatterer and a control means is proposed, and a concept of the functioning of the technological process of a soil-tilling and planting unit is determined. To study the technological process of small-seeded crops sowing, which is implemented by the STPU, it is important to build a mathematical model of the dynamics of the process for further optimization of both the process itself and the parameters of the sowing apparatus. The simulation includes the development of a model of the dynamics of the STPU travel on the field, taking into account the corresponding traction and resistance forces, the turning moments and the moments of resistance to turning of the tractor, as well as the calculation of the parameters of the seed output from the seed hopper, the dynamics of its travel in the seed tubes to the point of contact with the scatterer and the seed scattering formula on the soil after exiting the seed tubes. The obtained models allow us to determine the technical parameters of various working devices included in the STPU, from the point of view of their compliance with the activities for the quality of the task. The main attention is focused on determining the design parameters of STPU elements based on the construction and research of relevant mathematical models and calculation expressions. In this direction, a study was carried out to determine the optimal components: geometric design parameters and the angular velocity of the seed roller (wк), the initial seed speed in the seed tubes specified by the compressor fan (Vcf), the angle of inclination of the diffuser plate (β) and its height above the soil surface (Hs)) An advanced mathematical model allows you to simulate tillage and sowing units with different working widths.