인삼 신품종의 광합성 특성

Abstract

고려인삼을 순계분리 육성하여 품종 등록한 인삼 신품종의 광도, 온도별 광합성 능력과 광합성 관련 형질인 기공, 엽록소, 비엽중 및 지상하부 형질들을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 신품종 및 자경종의 광포화점은 15,000 lux내외였고, 광합성 최적온도는 2<TEX>$0^{\circ}C$</TEX>였다. 광합성 능은 연풍>천풍>고풍>자경종 순으로 연풍이 가장 높았다. 호흡속도는 모든 품종이 온도가 높아짐에 따라 빨라지는 경향이었으며, 타품종에 비해 호흡량이 높았다. 비엽중은 천풍>고풍>연풍>자경종 순서로 높았고, 엽록소 함량은 품종간 차이가 근소하였다. 단위면적당 기공수는 연풍이 69.2개로 타계통의 40~47개보다 많았고, 기공의 크기는 연풍이 26.5 <TEX>$\mu\textrm{m}$</TEX> 타품종 37.5~38.8 <TEX>$\mu\textrm{m}$</TEX>보다 적었다. 연풍은 경수가 1.8개, 장염수가 7.7개, 소염수가 41.0개, 엽면적이 12.3 dm<TEX>$_2$</TEX>로 타 품종보다 지상부의 생육이 양호하였다. 근중은 연풍>천풍>고풍>자경종 순으로 무거웠고, 동장은 천풍과 고풍이 각각 6.5, 6.8 cm로 자경종 5.6 cm보다 길어서 체형이 양호하였으나 연풍은 동장이 4.4 cm로 짧았다. This study was carried out to obtain information of the photosynthetic rate at various temperature and light intensity, stomata, chlorophyll, specific leaf weight, characteristics of aerial part and root in ginseng new cultivars developed by pure line selection. The light saturation point of leaves in new cultivars and Jakyungjong were 15,000 lux, and the optimum air temperature on the photosynthesis of new cultivars and Jakyungjong were 20<TEX>$\^{C}$</TEX>. The photosynthetic rates were increased in order of Jakyungjong, Gopoong, Chunpoong and Yunpoong. The dark respiration rate of leaves in ginseng cultivars were increased according to the increasing of temperature, and the dark respiration rate of leaves of Yunpoong was the highest among cultivars. The specific leaf weight (SLW) were increased in order of Jakyungjong, Yunpoong, Gopoong, Chunpoong, but total chlorophyll contents were not different among cultivars. Stomata frequency of Yunpoong was the highest being 69.2ea among cultivars, while the length of stomata was reverse. Yunpoong was superior in aerial part among ginseng cultivars : the number of stem was 1.8ea, the number of palmately leaves was 7.7ea, the number of leaflets was 41.0ea, leaf area was 12.3 dm<TEX>$^2$</TEX> The root weight were increased in order of Jakyungjong, Gopoong, Chunpoong and Yunpoong. Chunpoong and Gopoong hove good root shape the length of tap root in Chunpoong and Gopoong were the longest being 6.5 cm and 6.8 cm respectively, but that in Yunpoong was the shortest being 4.4 cm.