벌링게임사절단과 이와쿠라사절단의 세계일주와 대양항로

Abstract

From the perspective of world history, development of transportation by the influence of discovery of a new course and the Industrial Revolution enabled global long-distance travel with the advent of new inventions such as steamboat, train etc. This manuscript is one of comparative studies on the marine civilization of Burlingame and Iwakura missions, the representative overseas missions of Qing and Japan during the modern times, which aims to pay attention to the course of around-the-world voyage. This study made a comparative analysis on the marine images of the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean appeared in the travelogue of an around-the-world of the two missions through an ocean line. The concept of Five Oceans and Six Continents was not settled among Chinese people in those days and The Orient Sea(大東洋)’which is a relative term of the Atlantic was being changed into The Pacific(太平洋)’. Contrary to the foregoing, this study confirmed that the perception of the ocean of the Japanese was developed to a considerable degree. Long-distance voyage led to conversion of the concept of time and space, and marine civilization of modern times like port, lighthouse and the great canal of China as well the means of transportation such as steamboat, train, cable witnessed by the missions overwhelmed in all aspects. For intellectuals of the East Asia, a geographic space of the ocean was a new civilizational discovery telling the start of modern times.<BR> If it is agreed with the premise that modern civilization was originated form the sea, the level of perception toward marine civilization is reflection of the level of modernization. Among the ocean-related materials to be dealt with in the body are steam engine, ship structure, memories of voyage to the ocean (wind wave, seasickness, shipboard disease and death), innovation of geographic perspective, changes in conception of time, lighthouse and rock, submarine cable and overseas emigration, opening of the Suez Canal, scenery of port etc. This study aims to summarize and analyze those individual experiences for looking into the conversion of outlook on the world of missions of the two countries through the ocean simultaneously with description of marine network between port cities. During the process of the abovementioned searching, it is expected that we will be able to have at least a partial understanding of the process of disintegration of conventional China-centered outlook on the world.