Захист хмелю біологічними препаратами

Abstract

The purpose. To study an opportunity of application of biological fungicide Avatar-1, r. Zashchita against the basic illnesses in technique of cultivation of hop. Methods. Field experiment was spent using S.A. Tribel’s technique (2001). After studying biofungicide Avatar-1, r. Zashchita within 3 years they have chosen the most efficient concentrations of working solution — 10 and 20 ml/10 l of water. They soaked (3 hours) cuttings of hop in the given water solutions before planting in soil. Fructifying plants they sprayed against pseudoperonosporosis with the help of tractor fan sprayer OPV-2000. In reference variant they used fungicide of systemic action Ridomil Gold MZ, inc. In control variant they used pure water. Presence of acids in hop cones was determined according to «GOST 4099:2009 Hop. Rules of sampling and test methods». Results. It is established that soaking of cuttings of hop in water solution of biofungicide Avatar-1, r. Zashchita before planting in field provides their survival up to 70% (on 6,5% more than in the control), and positively influences process of formation and exit of standard seedlings, enables twice to lower amount of ear shoots on sprouts of hop. Efficiency of protection of fructifying plants of hop against false mealy dew in the way of land spraying makes 74,2–74,4%; productivity of cones, in comparison with control, increases on 1,9–2,2 c/hectare, and contents of 2-acids — on 1,1%. Conclusions. Application of biofungicide Avatar-1, r. Zashchita in the system of protection of hop enables effectively to constrain development and distribution of the most dangerous illness of hop (pseudoperonosporosis) in the beginning of vegetation and to receive standard planting material or the planned productivity of hop cones of appropriate quality.