АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ВОДНИМИ МІКРОЕКОСИСТЕМАМИ

Abstract

The work is intended to stimulate the interest in the field of automation of livestock farms, improve the quality of management of aquatic ecosystems by automating the processes that occur in their habitat, in particular in the aquatic environment of exotic fish – aquariums. Before creating such an automated system, a number of ready-made solutions have been investigated, as well as methods for their design and synthesis have been studied. The research of existing developments and finished systems has shown that at the heart of such devices there are bulky systems sharpened under each individual aquarium. Based on the results of the study, it is decided to create a unified device, with a simple interface that would be suitable for all ordinary types of aquariums, without special preadjusting of the system under a separate artificial aquatic environment. Comparing the available and popular tools for rapid prototyping of microcontrollers, it is decided to focus on the Arduino platform. The great attention and interest in the platform of radio amateurs and professionals, and, based on the previous statement, the high prevalence of prefabricated modules and components for the platform have helped to make the right choice of the basis of an automated system for managing artificial aquatic ecosystems habitat. In the process of reviewing ready-made solutions in the market, systematization of the received data and studying the relevant specialized literature, the algorithm of work of the future device has been drawn up, the necessary elements for the system construction have been selected, the schematic diagram of the device has been modeled and the device has been assembled and tested on available aquarium. Testing of the synthesized system on a real reservoir with organisms proves the urgency of creating such an autonomous control device, because the state of the environment has been maintained exactly as programmed by the system. Responding to changing the state of the components of the aquatic environment with a number of sensors, the system manages the system devices themselves, thereby maintaining the desired balance of the aquarium with minimizing the human factor.