Иммунитет, витамины и питание

Abstract

There is a relationship between nutrition and immunity. For developing countries, the problem – the protein-energy deficits, in developed and socially oriented economy – the lack of vitamins and trace elements. In Russia, various vitamins deficiency is registered in 30–90% of schoolchildren (from 20–40% to the extent of the deep deficit). Deficiency of vitamins and minerals leads to disruption of immunity raises the index of infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders. Insufficient supply of vitamins leads to a decrease in phagocytosis, proliferative activity of lymphocytes, decreased concentrations of C3 and C5 component of complement, IgG and secretory IgA, disintegrate physiological barriers. At the same time increases the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. With a lack of selenium and vitamin E is possible passage of viruses from a sharp increase in virulence. The correction of micronutrient deficiencies should be combined, which implies the appointment of vitamin-mineral complexes with the inclusion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, choline. It is recommended the use of drugs, various forms of which are adapted to the age and the physiological needs of the child.