Abstract
The article provides various definitions and interpretations of the concept of human capital by domestic and foreign researchers. The chronology of the development of the theory of human capital is revealed. The contribution and significant scientific works of foreign and domestic economists-researchers of human capital problems are analyzed. The features and justification of various concepts in the study of the theory of human capital are presented: "income function", the concept of "overtaking", "earnings function", the new economic theory of the family. The structure, types, components of human capital, investments in human capital, characteristics of the human development index are presented. The competence-based approach in education and its features, investments in human capital as the basis for the development of competitiveness of economic entities and the national economy are substantiated.
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