《春秋》筆法與桐城三祖方苞、劉大櫆、 姚鼐的古文創作

Abstract

The paper is mainly to discuss the three fathers of Tongcheng School: Fang Bao, Liu Dakui, and Yao Nai. First it explains the writing theory of ancient prose constructed from ”Chun Qiu”, explores the writing theories of Fang Bao, Liu Da-kui, and Yao Nai, and then discusses the relationship between the writing theories of ancient prose mentioned above and the ancient prose writings of Tongcheng School.We discover that the ”Yi (meaning)-Fa (method, form, principle) theory” of Tongcheng School takes the classics of Confucianism as the model to construct the important contents of cultivating moral and learning the classics of Confucianism to discipline the true writing ability. As a result, the writing techniques of ”Chun Qiu” are important, but the interpretation by Tongcheng School does not focus on the politics in ”Chun Qiu” and the simple words but deep meaning. Instead, it focuses on the well-arranged writing material and concise statement-however, learning these writing techniques is not the first priority, instead, we should endeavor on it after learning the contents in classics of Confucianism.Definitely there are plentiful stories in some works of Fang Bao, Liu Da- kui, and Yao Nai. These stories use some narrative techniques such as dialogue and character costume and behaviors to portray the personality of character, and the reason why the character behaves. These articles, with biography narrative style, obviously are affected by the writing techniques of ”Chun Qiu”.