Декомпозиционная структура китайского иероглифа

Abstract

The aim of the study is to systematically describe the decomposition structure of Chinese characters. The article contains a structural and categorical analysis of Chinese writing units. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the formulation of such a typological characteristic of Chinese character writing as lists, i.e., the constant need to compile various lists of characters and their components. These are lists of strokes; lists of characters; lists of indexing components; lists of indexing components series including lists of characters they form; lists of commonly used characters; lists of characters for learning Chinese as a foreign language, etc. As a result of analysing Russian and foreign scientific works on the research topic and the current language standards developed by the State Language and Writing Work Committee of the PRC (国家语言文字工作委员会), concepts and terms on the research topic (“stroke”, “character component”, “radical”, “indexing component”, “determinative”, “phonetic”) were clarified and systematised; the classification of character components depending on their location, the correlation between the concepts of the indexing component and the character component in diachrony and the structure of a hieroglyph in the process of its decomposition, i.e., in the process of breaking a hieroglyph into its constituent elements, were clarified.