중국 재난관리 법제의 과제

Abstract

This study tried to examine the disaster management failures that appeared in the process of the lockdown of China's large cities, Wuhan and Shanghai due to COVID-19, based on China's disaster management law, Emergency Response Act. COVID-19 is a respiratory infectious disease that directly threatens the lives of all mankind, and is acting as a major obstacle to the development of the global society through exchanges and cooperation that have been carried out since the beginning of time. The largest global recession since World War II, disrupting production and supply chains, restricting movement for exchange and cooperation, and resulting in shrinking consumption and employment shrinkage in closely intertwined political and economic problems. brought Humanity has reached the era of the 4th industrial revolution based on science and technology, and in the global pandemic of COVID-19, it has proven that no country can be free from it. Paradoxically, if a new respiratory epidemic like COVID-19 emerges again, it paradoxically disproves that individuals or countries cannot survive alone. Since the early 2000s, China has also experienced an increasing frequency of epidemic disasters that spread across China in an instant, and in the future, there will be another unknown and huge epidemic. It was a lesson learned at the cost of enormous human and material damage that China's initial response to COVID-19 was the most reliable means of response. After the lockdown in Wuhan on January 23, 2020 and Shanghai on March 28, 2022, a pandemic continued, and mutations continued after the lockdown was lifted on June 1, The reality is that sporadic infections continue and have not been declared an endemic. The initial failure to respond to public health incidents is a sudden event, and it can be said that it is a task of the Emergency Response Act, a legal system that manages not only COVID-19 but also new respiratory infectious diseases in the future. China's public health and medical system played an important role in the process of coping with COVID-19, but it also exposed its shortcomings. This paper tried to suggest an improvement plan by deriving the problems that appeared according to the stages of COVID-19 management for disaster management stipulated in the Emergency Response Act, China's basic disaster law.