미국의 소년사법제도와 지역사회의 참여

Abstract

In recent years, the US juvenile judicial policy has deviated from a hardened strategy, demanding judicial disposition in consideration of the developmental and scientific characteristics of juveniles, and efforts to seek the most effective measures to prevent recidivism from the strict distinction between punishment and security disposition. It has a lot of implications for our society as well. The increase in the qualitative importance and quantity of juvenile offenses, which have become a social issue in recent years, is rather promoting a social atmosphere that demands reinforcement of punishment for juvenile offenders. Nevertheless, why should the policy direction for juvenile offenses be prevention and discipline? Showing. In particular, in the United States, it is a policy direction that must be embraced to actively utilize community-connected programs to enable rehabilitation and daily protection even for boys in the dark where the judicial touch cannot reach. And it is attempted to block the tendency toward crime in advance through early intervention, so it is understood that normalization of school education and securing social stress through education are the most important juvenile policies. Based on the results of comparative studies showing that those who have left school education tend to be exposed to crime or become criminals, there is a tendency to see that completion of school education or return to school is the key to solving crimes for younger boys. In this paper is focused on the the recent trend of juvenile justice in the United States and the importance of revitalizing community-connected programs to be of significance in introducing them. In our society, the community program itself is limited, and protection measures are provided only to victims of juvenile crime. But juvenile offenders do not have the right to utilize or receive them. However, in the case of juveniles, the criminals are often victims of other social problems such as poverty, domestic violence, and sexual crimes, so it is necessary to try a protective approach both interdisciplinary and policy.