ГЕОДЕЗІЯ, КАРТОГРАФІЯ І АЕРОФОТОЗНІМАННЯ

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to substantiate the need for the use of GIS technologies in the study of the illumination degree of garden and park plantings. The paper also focuses on the versatile relief characteristics of the territory of the National Arboretum "Sofiivka" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine by conducting 3D modeling and creating digital models based on it. The models are determined by individual levels of insolation sections of the "Sofiivka" territory. They are aimed at optimal selection of planting sites for park vegetation depending on the needs of specific species, conducting zoning and visualizing the illumination of the territory. Studies Methodology. Topographic maps of scale 1:10000 were used to determine the illumination of areas of the Sofiivka park. The research also utilized GIS technologies and created 3D models of various terrain characteristics. Additionally, the SURFER software package was applied. Research Results. Based on the example of the Sofiivka Arboretum in Uman, the study considers the use of GIS technologies for the analysis of illumination for the site selection in the project development and the maintenance of parks and their plantations. The illumination of certain areas of the territory makes it possible to appropriately place objects (gardens, buildings, etc.) when creating projects. In particular, for parks, GIS technologies allow choosing suitable places for certain plants. The amount of light falling on a given area depends mainly on its relief, and for a small area, it is determined by its slope and orientation. So, the specified problems were solved using a digital model of the relief and the SURFER software package. For the first time, a digital model of the relief of the Sofiivka National Arboretum of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine was created using a 1:10000 scale topographic map with a relief section of 1 m. Based on it, a 3D relief model of the park territory, models of slope steepness, exposure and illumination of individual areas were built for the first time and their visualization was made. The offered images clearly show all the features of the relief in connection with the level of insolation, that is, the illumination of the territory, which is necessary for the needs of horticulture. Experimental studies using GIS technologies resulted in proving the possibility and necessity of the territory zoning of the park according to lighting. The lighting zoning of the territory according to the CDM allows the planting site selection of park vegetation depending on its optimal needs. The proposed technique contributes to targeted selection and diversity in plantations.